John 1:40-51 ESV
One of the two who heard John speak and followed Jesus was Andrew, Simon Peter's brother. 41 He first found his own brother Simon and said to him, “We have found the Messiah” (which means Christ). 42 He brought him to Jesus. Jesus looked at him and said, “You are Simon the son of John. You shall be called Cephas” (which means Peter).
43 The next day Jesus decided to go to Galilee. He found Philip and said to him, “Follow me.” 44 Now Philip was from Bethsaida, the city of Andrew and Peter. 45 Philip found Nathanael and said to him, “We have found him of whom Moses in the Law and also the prophets wrote, Jesus of Nazareth, the son of Joseph.” 46 Nathanael said to him, “Can anything good come out of Nazareth?” Philip said to him, “Come and see.” 47 Jesus saw Nathanael coming toward him and said of him, “Behold, an Israelite indeed, in whom there is no deceit!” 48 Nathanael said to him, “How do you know me?” Jesus answered him, “Before Philip called you, when you were under the fig tree, I saw you.” 49 Nathanael answered him, “Rabbi, you are the Son of God! You are the King of Israel!” 50 Jesus answered him, “Because I said to you, ‘I saw you under the fig tree,’ do you believe? You will see greater things than these.” 51 And he said to him, “Truly, truly, I say to you, you will see heaven opened, and the angels of God ascending and descending on the Son of Man.”
"Deceit"
δολοσ, ου, ο [etym. uncertain, cp. Lat. dolus (freq. used of ‘treacherous behavior’ and prob. borrowed fr. the Gk.)] ‘cunning that relies on deception for effectiveness’, craftiness, deceit Mt 26: 4; Mk 7: 22; 14: 1; J 1: 47; Ac 13: 10; Ro 1: 29; 2 Cor 12: 16; 1 Th 2: 3; 1 Pt 2: 1, 22 (with sim. blending of abstract and concrete 3: 10). (CEGL)
Jesus remarks that Nathaniel is an Israelite indeed, for there is no deceit found in him. A true Israelite is determined by the the heart, and is a heart known by God. The leaven of deceit and cunning is not a part of the kingdom, but belongs to another domain. The serpent in the Garden was more cunning than any other creature, full of the guile from the great deceiver.
God sees us inside and out. There is nothing hidden. He saw Nathaniel from a distance in the shade of that fig tree and saw also the heart within.
The fig tree could be a symbol of the house of Israel, as it frequently symbolizes Israel in Scripture. Jesus would later curse the fig tree with no fruit. Nathaniel asks if anything good could come out of Nazareth? The same question might have been asked regarding Israel after they turned from God. He looks for fruit.
Philip repeats the words of Jesus to Andrew, "Come and see". Some encounter Jesus directly, but many meet Him through others. Nathaniel does see, but then Jesus tells him of the wonder to come and what his eyes will behold. These disciples have no idea of what awaits ahead.
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